SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 构造函数

参考

定义

命名空间:: System.Collections.Generic

程序集:: System.Collections.dll

程序集:: System.dll

程序集:: netstandard.dll

重要

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初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例。

重载

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>()	初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 类的一个新实例，该实例为空并对键类型使用默认 IComparer<T> 实现。
SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IComparer<TKey>)	初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 类的一个新实例，该实例为空并对比较键使用指定 IComparer<T> 实现。
SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>)	初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例，该实例包含从指定的 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 中复制的元素，并使用键类型的默认 IComparer<T> 实现。
SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>)	初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例，该实例包含从指定的 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 中复制的元素，并使用指定的 IComparer<T> 实现来比较键。

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>()

Source:: SortedDictionary.cs

Source:: SortedDictionary.cs

Source:: SortedDictionary.cs

初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 类的一个新实例，该实例为空并对键类型使用默认 IComparer<T> 实现。

public:
 SortedDictionary();

public SortedDictionary ();

Public Sub New ()

示例

下面的代码示例使用字符串键创建一个空 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 字符串，并使用 Add 方法添加一些元素。该示例演示方法在 Add 尝试添加重复键时引发 ArgumentException 。

此代码示例是为 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 类提供的一个更大示例的一部分。

// Create a new sorted dictionary of strings, with string
// keys.
SortedDictionary<string, string> openWith =
    new SortedDictionary<string, string>();

// Add some elements to the dictionary. There are no
// duplicate keys, but some of the values are duplicates.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe");
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

// The Add method throws an exception if the new key is
// already in the dictionary.
try
{
    openWith.Add("txt", "winword.exe");
}
catch (ArgumentException)
{
    Console.WriteLine("An element with Key = \"txt\" already exists.");
}

' Create a new sorted dictionary of strings, with string 
' keys. 
Dim openWith As New SortedDictionary(Of String, String)

' Add some elements to the dictionary. There are no 
' duplicate keys, but some of the values are duplicates.
openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe")
openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")

' The Add method throws an exception if the new key is 
' already in the dictionary.
Try
    openWith.Add("txt", "winword.exe")
Catch 
    Console.WriteLine("An element with Key = ""txt"" already exists.")
End Try

注解

根据默认比较器， SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 中的每个键都必须是唯一的。

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 需要比较器实现来执行键比较。此构造函数使用默认的泛型相等比较器 Comparer<T>.Default。如果类型 TKey 实现 System.IComparable<T> 泛型接口，则默认比较器使用该实现。或者，可以使用接受参数的 IComparer<T> 构造函数指定泛型接口的 comparer 实现。

此构造函数是 O (1) 操作。

另请参阅

适用于

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IComparer<TKey>)

Source:: SortedDictionary.cs

Source:: SortedDictionary.cs

Source:: SortedDictionary.cs

初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 类的一个新实例，该实例为空并对比较键使用指定 IComparer<T> 实现。

public:
 SortedDictionary(System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<TKey> ^ comparer);

public SortedDictionary (System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey> comparer);

public SortedDictionary (System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey>? comparer);

new System.Collections.Generic.SortedDictionary<'Key, 'Value> : System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'Key> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedDictionary<'Key, 'Value>

Public Sub New (comparer As IComparer(Of TKey))

参数

comparer: IComparer<TKey>

比较键时要使用的 IComparer<T> 实现，或者为 null，以便为键类型使用默认的 Comparer<T>。

示例

下面的代码示例使用当前区域性不区分大小写的比较器创建 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 。该示例添加了四个元素，其中一些具有小写键，一些元素使用大写键。然后，该示例尝试添加一个元素，该元素的键仅在大小写上与现有键不同，捕获生成的异常并显示错误消息。最后，该示例按不区分大小写的排序顺序显示元素。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a new SortedDictionary of strings, with string keys
        // and a case-insensitive comparer for the current culture.
        SortedDictionary<string, string> openWith =
                      new SortedDictionary<string, string>(
                          StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);

        // Add some elements to the dictionary.
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

        // Try to add a fifth element with a key that is the same
        // except for case; this would be allowed with the default
        // comparer.
        try
        {
            openWith.Add("BMP", "paint.exe");
        }
        catch (ArgumentException)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("\nBMP is already in the dictionary.");
        }

        // List the contents of the sorted dictionary.
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in openWith )
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", kvp.Key,
                kvp.Value);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

BMP is already in the dictionary.

Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
 */

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example
    
    Public Shared Sub Main() 

        ' Create a new SortedDictionary of strings, with string keys 
        ' and a case-insensitive comparer for the current culture.
        Dim openWith As New SortedDictionary(Of String, String)( _
            StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
        
        ' Add some elements to the dictionary. 
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")

        ' Try to add a fifth element with a key that is the same 
        ' except for case; this would be allowed with the default
        ' comparer.
        Try
            openWith.Add("BMP", "paint.exe")
        Catch ex As ArgumentException
            Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "BMP is already in the dictionary.")
        End Try
        
        ' List the contents of the sorted dictionary.
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In openWith
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
                kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
        Next kvp

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'BMP is already in the dictionary.
'
'Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe

注解

根据指定的比较器， SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 中的每个键都必须是唯一的。

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 需要比较器实现来执行键比较。如果 comparer 为 null，则此构造函数使用默认的泛型相等比较器 Comparer<T>.Default。如果类型 TKey 实现 System.IComparable<T> 泛型接口，则默认比较器使用该实现。

此构造函数是 O (1) 操作。

另请参阅

适用于

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>)

Source:: SortedDictionary.cs

Source:: SortedDictionary.cs

Source:: SortedDictionary.cs

初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例，该实例包含从指定的 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 中复制的元素，并使用键类型的默认 IComparer<T> 实现。

public:
 SortedDictionary(System::Collections::Generic::IDictionary<TKey, TValue> ^ dictionary);

public SortedDictionary (System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue> dictionary);

new System.Collections.Generic.SortedDictionary<'Key, 'Value> : System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<'Key, 'Value> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedDictionary<'Key, 'Value>

Public Sub New (dictionary As IDictionary(Of TKey, TValue))

参数

dictionary: IDictionary<TKey,TValue>

IDictionary<TKey,TValue>，它的元素被复制到新 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>。

例外

ArgumentNullException

dictionary 为 null。

ArgumentException

dictionary 包含一个或多个重复键。

示例

下面的代码示例演示如何使用 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 通过将传递给Dictionary<TKey,TValue>SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IComparer<TKey>)构造函数，在中创建Dictionary<TKey,TValue>信息的排序副本。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string keys.
        //
        Dictionary<string, string> openWith =
                                  new Dictionary<string, string>();

        // Add some elements to the dictionary.
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

        // Create a SortedDictionary of strings with string keys,
        // and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
        SortedDictionary<string, string> copy =
                  new SortedDictionary<string, string>(openWith);

        // List the contents of the copy.
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in copy )
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}",
               kvp.Key, kvp.Value);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = dib, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
 */

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example
    
    Public Shared Sub Main() 

        ' Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string 
        ' keys.
        Dim openWith As New Dictionary(Of String, String)
        
        ' Add some elements to the dictionary. 
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
        openWith.Add("bmp", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("dib", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
        
        ' Create a SortedDictionary of strings with string keys, 
        ' and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
        Dim copy As New SortedDictionary(Of String, String)(openWith)

        ' List the sorted contents of the copy.
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In copy
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
                kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
        Next kvp

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Key = bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = dib, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe

注解

根据默认比较器，中的每个键都必须是唯一 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 的;因此，根据默认比较器，源 dictionary 中的每个键也必须是唯一的。

此构造函数是 O (n 日志 n) 操作，其中 n 是中的 dictionary元素数。

另请参阅

适用于

SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>)

Source:: SortedDictionary.cs

Source:: SortedDictionary.cs

Source:: SortedDictionary.cs

初始化 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 类的新实例，该实例包含从指定的 IDictionary<TKey,TValue> 中复制的元素，并使用指定的 IComparer<T> 实现来比较键。

public:
 SortedDictionary(System::Collections::Generic::IDictionary<TKey, TValue> ^ dictionary, System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<TKey> ^ comparer);

public SortedDictionary (System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue> dictionary, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey> comparer);

public SortedDictionary (System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue> dictionary, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey>? comparer);

new System.Collections.Generic.SortedDictionary<'Key, 'Value> : System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<'Key, 'Value> * System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'Key> -> System.Collections.Generic.SortedDictionary<'Key, 'Value>

Public Sub New (dictionary As IDictionary(Of TKey, TValue), comparer As IComparer(Of TKey))

参数

dictionary: IDictionary<TKey,TValue>

IDictionary<TKey,TValue>，它的元素被复制到新 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>。

comparer: IComparer<TKey>

比较键时要使用的 IComparer<T> 实现，或者为 null，以便为键类型使用默认的 Comparer<T>。

例外

ArgumentNullException

dictionary 为 null。

ArgumentException

dictionary 包含一个或多个重复键。

示例

下面的代码示例演示如何使用 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 通过将传递给Dictionary<TKey,TValue>SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue>(IDictionary<TKey,TValue>, IComparer<TKey>)构造函数，在不区分大小写的中创建信息不区分大小写Dictionary<TKey,TValue>的排序副本。在此示例中，不区分大小写的比较器适用于当前区域性。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string keys and
        // a case-insensitive equality comparer for the current
        // culture.
        Dictionary<string, string> openWith =
            new Dictionary<string, string>
                (StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);

        // Add some elements to the dictionary.
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe");
        openWith.Add("Bmp", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe");
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe");

        // List the contents of the Dictionary.
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in openWith)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", kvp.Key,
                kvp.Value);
        }

        // Create a SortedDictionary of strings with string keys and a
        // case-insensitive equality comparer for the current culture,
        // and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
        SortedDictionary<string, string> copy =
                    new SortedDictionary<string, string>(openWith,
                        StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase);

        // List the sorted contents of the copy.
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in copy )
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", kvp.Key,
                kvp.Value);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
Key = Bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe

Key = Bmp, Value = paint.exe
Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
 */

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example
    
    Public Shared Sub Main() 

        ' Create a new Dictionary of strings, with string keys and
        ' a case-insensitive equality comparer for the current 
        ' culture.
        Dim openWith As New Dictionary(Of String, String)( _
            StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
        
        ' Add some elements to the dictionary. 
        openWith.Add("txt", "notepad.exe")
        openWith.Add("Bmp", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("DIB", "paint.exe")
        openWith.Add("rtf", "wordpad.exe")
        
        ' List the contents of the Dictionary.
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In openWith
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
                kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
        Next kvp

        ' Create a SortedDictionary of strings with string keys and a 
        ' case-insensitive equality comparer for the current culture,
        ' and initialize it with the contents of the Dictionary.
        Dim copy As New SortedDictionary(Of String, String)(openWith, _
            StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)

        ' List the sorted contents of the copy.
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each kvp As KeyValuePair(Of String, String) In copy
            Console.WriteLine("Key = {0}, Value = {1}", _
                kvp.Key, kvp.Value)
        Next kvp

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe
'Key = Bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'
'Key = Bmp, Value = paint.exe
'Key = DIB, Value = paint.exe
'Key = rtf, Value = wordpad.exe
'Key = txt, Value = notepad.exe

注解

根据指定的比较器，中的每个键都必须是唯一 SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> 的;因此，根据指定的比较器，源 dictionary 中的每个键也必须是唯一的。

此构造函数是 O (n 日志 n) 操作，其中 n 是中的 dictionary元素数。

另请参阅

适用于

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