适用于： 
SQL Server Azure SQL 数据库 Azure Synapse Analytics
概述
SQL 数据发现和分类是一组高级服务，可用于发现数据库中的敏感信息并对其进行分类、标记和报告。 Microsoft OLE DB Driver for SQL Server（版本 18.5.0）添加了在基础数据源支持该功能时检索分类元数据的支持。 可以通过 ISSDataClassification 接口访问此信息。
有关如何将分类分配到列的详细信息，请参阅 SQL 数据发现和分类。
代码示例
可在 SSMS 中执行以下 Transact-SQL 查询，为示例 C++ 应用程序设置先决条件：
CREATE DATABASE [mydb]
GO
USE [mydb]
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[mytable](
[col1] [int] NULL,
[col2] [int] NULL
)
GO
ADD SENSITIVITY CLASSIFICATION TO [dbo].[mytable].[col1] WITH (label = 'Label1', label_id = 'LabelId1', information_type = 'Type1', information_type_id = 'TypeId1', rank = Medium)
GO
ADD SENSITIVITY CLASSIFICATION TO [dbo].[mytable].[col2] WITH (label = 'Label2', label_id = 'LabelId2', information_type = 'Type2', information_type_id = 'TypeId2', rank = High)
以下 C++ 代码使用 Microsoft OLE DB Driver 来获取使用上述 Transact-SQL 查询生成的分类信息：
#include <atlbase.h>
#include <msdasc.h>
#include <exception>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "msoledbsql.h"
void Connect(CComPtr<IDBInitialize>& pIDBInitialize, const wchar_t* server, const wchar_t* database);
SENSITIVITYCLASSIFICATION* GetSensitivityClassificationInfo(CComPtr<IDBInitialize>& pIDBInitialize, const wchar_t* query);
void PrintSensitivityClassificationInfo(SENSITIVITYCLASSIFICATION* pSensitivityClassification);
int main()
{
const wchar_t server[] = L"myserver";
const wchar_t database[] = L"mydb";
const wchar_t query[] = L"SELECT col1, col2, col1 + col2 FROM mytable";
CoInitialize(nullptr);
try
{
// Connect to data source
CComPtr<IDBInitialize> pIDBInitialize;
Connect(pIDBInitialize, server, database);
// Obtain sensitivity classification info
SENSITIVITYCLASSIFICATION* pSensitivityClassification = GetSensitivityClassificationInfo(pIDBInitialize, query);
// Print sensitivity classification info
PrintSensitivityClassificationInfo(pSensitivityClassification);
if (pSensitivityClassification)
{
CComPtr<IMalloc> pIMalloc;
if (FAILED(CoGetMalloc(1, &pIMalloc)))
{
throw std::exception("CoGetMalloc call failed.");
}
// Release memory
pIMalloc->Free(pSensitivityClassification);
}
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cerr << "Exception caught: " << e.what() << std::endl;
return 1;
}
CoUninitialize();
return 0;
}
void Connect(CComPtr<IDBInitialize>& pIDBInitialize, const wchar_t* server, const wchar_t* database)
{
// Construct the connection string.
std::wstring connString = L"Provider=MSOLEDBSQL19;Data Source=" + std::wstring(server) + L";Database=" +
std::wstring(database) + L";Authentication=ActiveDirectoryIntegrated;Use Encryption for Data=Mandatory;";
CComPtr<IDataInitialize> pIDataInitialize;
if (FAILED(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_MSDAINITIALIZE, nullptr, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IDataInitialize, reinterpret_cast<LPVOID*>(&pIDataInitialize))))
{
throw std::exception("CoCreateInstance call failed.");
}
if (FAILED(pIDataInitialize->GetDataSource(nullptr, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, connString.c_str(), IID_IDBInitialize, reinterpret_cast<IUnknown**>(&pIDBInitialize))))
{
throw std::exception("GetDataSource call failed.");
}
if (FAILED(pIDBInitialize->Initialize()))
{
throw std::exception("Initialize call failed.");
}
}
SENSITIVITYCLASSIFICATION* GetSensitivityClassificationInfo(CComPtr<IDBInitialize>& pIDBInitialize, const wchar_t* query)
{
CComPtr<IDBCreateSession> pIDBCreateSession;
if (FAILED(pIDBInitialize.QueryInterface<IDBCreateSession>(&pIDBCreateSession)))
{
throw std::exception("QueryInterface call failed.");
}
CComPtr<IDBCreateCommand> pIDBCreateCommand;
if (FAILED(pIDBCreateSession->CreateSession(nullptr, IID_IDBCreateCommand, reinterpret_cast<IUnknown**>(&pIDBCreateCommand))))
{
throw std::exception("CreateSession call failed.");
}
CComPtr<ICommandText> pICommandText;
if (FAILED(pIDBCreateCommand->CreateCommand(nullptr, IID_ICommandText, reinterpret_cast<IUnknown**>(&pICommandText))))
{
throw std::exception("CreateCommand call failed.");
}
if (FAILED(pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL, query)))
{
throw std::exception("SetCommandText call failed.");
}
CComPtr<ISSDataClassification> pISSDataClassification;
if (FAILED(pICommandText->Execute(nullptr, IID_ISSDataClassification, nullptr, nullptr, reinterpret_cast<IUnknown**>(&pISSDataClassification))))
{
throw std::exception("Execute call failed.");
}
SENSITIVITYCLASSIFICATION* pSensitivityClassification = nullptr;
if (FAILED(pISSDataClassification->GetSensitivityClassification(&pSensitivityClassification)))
{
throw std::exception("GetSensitivityClassification call failed.");
}
return pSensitivityClassification;
}
void PrintSensitivityClassificationInfo(SENSITIVITYCLASSIFICATION* pSensitivityClassification)
{
if (!pSensitivityClassification)
{
return;
}
if (pSensitivityClassification->eQuerySensitivityRank != SENSITIVITYRANK_NOT_DEFINED)
{
std::wcout << L"Query sensitivity rank: " << pSensitivityClassification->eQuerySensitivityRank << L"\n\n";
}
for (USHORT colIdx = 0; colIdx < pSensitivityClassification->cColumnSensitivityMetadata; ++colIdx)
{
const COLUMNSENSITIVITYMETADATA& columnMetadata = pSensitivityClassification->rgColumnSensitivityMetadata[colIdx];
std::wcout << L"Sensitivity classification for column #" << colIdx << L":" << std::endl;
for (USHORT propIdx = 0; propIdx < columnMetadata.cSensitivityProperties; ++propIdx)
{
const SENSITIVITYPROPERTY& prop = columnMetadata.rgSensitivityProperties[propIdx];
std::wcout << L"Property #" << propIdx << L":" << std::endl;
if (prop.eSensitivityRank != SENSITIVITYRANK_NOT_DEFINED)
{
std::wcout << L"\tSensitivity rank: \t" << prop.eSensitivityRank << std::endl;
}
if (prop.pSensitivityLabel)
{
if (prop.pSensitivityLabel->pwszId)
{
std::wcout << L"\tSensitivity label id: \t" << prop.pSensitivityLabel->pwszId << std::endl;
}
if (prop.pSensitivityLabel->pwszName)
{
std::wcout << L"\tSensitivity label name: " << prop.pSensitivityLabel->pwszName << std::endl;
}
}
if (prop.pInformationType)
{
if (prop.pInformationType->pwszId)
{
std::wcout << L"\tInformation type id: \t" << prop.pInformationType->pwszId << std::endl;
}
if (prop.pInformationType->pwszName)
{
std::wcout << L"\tInformation type name: \t" << prop.pInformationType->pwszName << std::endl;
}
}
std::wcout << std::endl;
}
}
}