可用于表示元素数在元素之间的范围设置的一个带符号的整数类型指向由迭代器。
typedef typename allocator_type::difference_type difference_type;
备注
在减去或增加通过容器的迭代器时,difference_type 是返回的类型。difference_type 通常用于表示元素数。范围 [_First,_Last)的 迭代器在 _First 之间,并 _Last,包括元素指向由 _First 和元素的大小,但不包括,元素指向由 _Last。
请注意,尽管 difference_type 未满足输入迭代的要求,包括双向迭代器选件类由可逆容器支持例如set所有迭代器,在迭代之间的减法可用由一个随机访问的容器提供的随机访问迭代器仅支持例如矢量。
示例
// set_diff_type.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <iostream>
#include <set>
#include <algorithm>
int main( )
{
using namespace std;
set <int> s1;
set <int>::iterator s1_Iter, s1_bIter, s1_eIter;
s1.insert( 20 );
s1.insert( 10 );
s1.insert( 20 ); // won't insert as set elements are unique
s1_bIter = s1.begin( );
s1_eIter = s1.end( );
set <int>::difference_type df_typ5, df_typ10, df_typ20;
df_typ5 = count( s1_bIter, s1_eIter, 5 );
df_typ10 = count( s1_bIter, s1_eIter, 10 );
df_typ20 = count( s1_bIter, s1_eIter, 20 );
// the keys, and hence the elements of a set are unique,
// so there is at most one of a given value
cout << "The number '5' occurs " << df_typ5
<< " times in set s1.\n";
cout << "The number '10' occurs " << df_typ10
<< " times in set s1.\n";
cout << "The number '20' occurs " << df_typ20
<< " times in set s1.\n";
// count the number of elements in a set
set <int>::difference_type df_count = 0;
s1_Iter = s1.begin( );
while ( s1_Iter != s1_eIter)
{
df_count++;
s1_Iter++;
}
cout << "The number of elements in the set s1 is: "
<< df_count << "." << endl;
}
要求
标头: <set>
命名空间: std