DirectorySearcher 返回的每个结果都可作为 SearchResult 对象检索。每个 SearchResult 对象均包含单个结果及其关联属性。
每个 SearchResult 返回的属性都包含在 ResultPropertyCollection 对象中。这些属性的值包含在 ResultPropertyValueCollection 对象中。
FindOne 方法将返回单个 SearchResult。下面的示例说明如何使用 FindOne 方法获取单个 SearchResult，并从 ResultPropertyValueCollection 检索其所有属性值。
' Bind to a specific user.
Dim path As String
path = "LDAP://CN=User Name,CN=users, DC=fabrikam,DC=com"
Dim entry As New DirectoryEntry(path)
' Create a DirectorySearcher object.
Dim mySearcher As New DirectorySearcher(entry)
mySearcher.SearchScope = SearchScope.Base
' Use the FindOne method to find the user object.
Dim resEnt As SearchResult = mySearcher.FindOne()
Dim propKey As String
For Each propKey In resEnt.Properties.PropertyNames
' Display each of the values for the property
' identified by the property name.
Dim prop As Object
For Each prop In resEnt.Properties(propKey)
Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", propKey, [prop].ToString())
Next prop
Next propKey
// Bind to a specific user.
DirectoryEntry entry = new DirectoryEntry(
"LDAP://CN=User Name,CN=users,DC=fabrikam,DC=com");
// Create a DirectorySearcher object.
DirectorySearcher mySearcher = new DirectorySearcher(entry);
mySearcher.SearchScope = SearchScope.Base;
// Use the FindOne method to find the user object.
SearchResult resEnt = mySearcher.FindOne();
foreach(string propKey in resEnt.Properties.PropertyNames)
{
// Display each of the values for the property
// identified by the property name.
foreach (object property in resEnt.Properties[propKey])
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", propKey, property.ToString());
}
}
在搜索检索一个或多个结果时，使用 FindAll 方法。此方法返回在 SearchResultCollection 对象中包含的 SearchResult 对象的集合。使用 foreach 语句循环访问 SearchResultCollection 并从单个 SearchResult 对象获取数据。
下面的示例使用通配符搜索筛选器和 FindAll 方法查找 Users 容器中用户名以“test”开头的所有用户。还从 ResultPropertyValueCollection 对象检索与结果集中每个对象关联的所有属性值。
Dim results As SearchResultCollection = Nothing
Try
' Bind to the users container.
Dim path As String = "LDAP://CN=users,DC=fabrikam,DC=com"
path = "LDAP://CN=Users,DC=strohmadom,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com"
Dim entry As New DirectoryEntry(path)
' Create a DirectorySearcher object.
Dim mySearcher As New DirectorySearcher(entry)
' Set a filter for users with the name test.
mySearcher.Filter = "(&(objectClass=user)(anr=test*))"
' Use the FindAll method to return objects to a SearchResultCollection.
results = mySearcher.FindAll()
' Iterate through each SearchResult in the SearchResultCollection.
Dim searchResult As SearchResult
For Each searchResult In results
' Display the path of the object found.
Console.WriteLine("Search properties for {0}", _
searchResult.Path)
' Iterate through each property name in each SearchResult.
Dim propertyKey As String
For Each propertyKey In searchResult.Properties.PropertyNames
' Retrieve the value assigned to that property name
' in the ResultPropertyValueCollection.
Dim valueCollection As ResultPropertyValueCollection = searchResult.Properties(propertyKey)
' Iterate through values for each property name in each SearchResult.
Dim propertyValue As Object
For Each propertyValue In valueCollection
' Handle results. Be aware that the following
' WriteLine() only returns readable results for
' properties that are strings.
Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", _
propertyKey, _
propertyValue.ToString())
Next propertyValue
Next propertyKey
Next searchResult
Finally
' To prevent memory leaks, always call
' SearchResultCollection.Dispose() manually.
If Not results Is Nothing Then
results.Dispose()
results = Nothing
End If
End Try
SearchResultCollection results = null;
try
{
// Bind to the users container.
string path = "LDAP://CN=users,DC=fabrikam,DC=com";
DirectoryEntry entry = new DirectoryEntry(path);
// Create a DirectorySearcher object.
DirectorySearcher mySearcher = new DirectorySearcher(entry);
// Set a filter for users with the name test.
mySearcher.Filter = "(&(objectClass=user)(anr=test*))";
// Use the FindAll method to return objects to a
// SearchResultCollection.
results = mySearcher.FindAll();
// Iterate through each SearchResult in the SearchResultCollection.
foreach (SearchResult searchResult in results)
{
// Display the path of the object found.
Console.WriteLine("Search properties for {0}", searchResult.Path);
// Iterate through each property name in each SearchResult.
foreach (string propertyKey in
searchResult.Properties.PropertyNames)
{
// Retrieve the value assigned to that property name
// in the ResultPropertyValueCollection.
ResultPropertyValueCollection valueCollection =
searchResult.Properties[propertyKey];
// Iterate through values for each property name in each
// SearchResult.
foreach (Object propertyValue in valueCollection)
{
// Handle results. Be aware that the following
// WriteLine only returns readable results for
// properties that are strings.
Console.WriteLine(
"{0}:{1}",
propertyKey,
propertyValue.ToString());
}
}
}
}
finally
{
// To prevent memory leaks, always call
// SearchResultCollection.Dispose() manually.
if (null != results)
{
results.Dispose();
results = null;
}
}
若要仅检索在前面代码示例的结果集中返回的对象的特定属性值，可以将内部的两条 foreach 语句替换为提供所需属性名称的语句，如下面的语句所示。
Console.WriteLine(resEnt1.Properties("cn")(0))
Console.WriteLine(resEnt1.Properties("objectClass")(1))
Console.WriteLine(resEnt1.Properties["cn"][0]);
Console.WriteLine(resEnt1.Properties["objectClass"][1]);
在这些语句中，为特定属性命名并建立索引。如果这些属性包含多个值，则需要枚举这些值。有关枚举属性值的详细信息，请参阅读取包含多个值的属性。
ResultPropertyValueCollection 对象提供的另一个选项是 Item 属性，该属性检索包含多个值的属性中指定索引位置处的值。Item 关键字在 Visual Basic .NET 中使用，但在 C# 中，Item 的实现是包含要检索值的索引位置的数组。下面的示例说明如何使用 Item。
' Bind to a specific user.
Dim path As String = "LDAP://CN=User Name,CN=users,DC=fabrikam,DC=com"
Dim entry As New DirectoryEntry(path)
' Create a DirectorySearcher object.
Dim searcher As New DirectorySearcher(entry)
' Use the FindOne method to find the object, which in this case, is the user
' indicated by User Name and assign it to a SearchResult.
Dim searchResult As SearchResult = searcher.FindOne()
' Create a ResultPropertyValueCollection object to get the values for the
' memberOf attribute for this user.
Dim propertyName As String = "memberOf"
Dim valueCollection As ResultPropertyValueCollection = searchResult.Properties(propertyName)
Try
' Write the value contained in index position 5 in the memberOf attribute.
Console.WriteLine(valueCollection(5).ToString())
Catch argumentEx As ArgumentOutOfRangeException
' The property contains no value in position 5.
Console.WriteLine("The {0} property contains no value at the specified index.", propertyName)
End Try
// Bind to a specific user.
string path = "LDAP://CN=User Name,CN=users,DC=fabrikam,DC=com";
DirectoryEntry entry = new DirectoryEntry(path);
// Create a DirectorySearcher object.
DirectorySearcher searcher = new DirectorySearcher(entry);
// Use the FindOne method to find the object, which in this case, is the user
// indicated by User Name, and assign it to a SearchResult.
SearchResult searchResult = searcher.FindOne();
// Create a ResultPropertyValueCollection object to get the values for the
// memberOf attribute for this user.
string propertyName = "memberOf";
ResultPropertyValueCollection valueCollection = searchResult.Properties[propertyName];
try
{
// Write the value contained in index position 5 in the memberOf attribute.
Console.WriteLine(valueCollection[5].ToString());
}
catch (ArgumentOutOfRangeException)
{
// The property contains no value in position 5.
Console.WriteLine(
"The {0} property contains no value at the specified index.",
propertyName);
}
对于搜索结果，System.DirectoryServices 不支持以下返回类型：
- ADS_PROV_SPECIFIC
- ADSTYPE_CASEIGNORE_LIST
- ADSTYPE_OCTET_LIST
- ADSTYPE_PATH
- ADSTYPE_POSTALADDRESS
- ADSTYPE_TIMESTAMP
- ADSTYPE_NETADDRESS
- ADSTYPE_FAXNUMBER
- ADSTYPE_EMAIL
- ADSTYPE_BACKLINK
- ADSTYPE_HOLD
- ADSTYPE_TYPEDNAME
- ADSTYPE_REPLICAPOINTER
- ADSTYPE_UNKNOWN
- ADSTYPE_PROV_SPECIFIC
另请参见
参考
System.DirectoryServices
DirectorySearcher
SearchResult
SearchResultCollection
ResultPropertyCollection
ResultPropertyValueCollection
概念
Send comments about this topic to Microsoft.
版权所有 (C) 2007 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。