Restore-SqlDatabase

Restore-SqlDatabase
    [-Database] <String>
    [[-BackupFile] <String[]>]
    [-ClearSuspectPageTable]
    [-KeepReplication]
    [-Partial]
    [-ReplaceDatabase]
    [-RestrictedUser]
    [-Offset <Int64[]>]
    [-RelocateFile <RelocateFile[]>]
    [-AutoRelocateFile]
    [-FileNumber <Int32>]
    [-RestoreAction <RestoreActionType>]
    [-StandbyFile <String>]
    [-StopAtMarkAfterDate <String>]
    [-StopAtMarkName <String>]
    [-StopBeforeMarkAfterDate <String>]
    [-StopBeforeMarkName <String>]
    [-ToPointInTime <String>]
    [-Path <String[]>]
    [-SqlCredential <PSObject>]
    [-BackupDevice <BackupDeviceItem[]>]
    [-PassThru]
    [-Checksum]
    [-ContinueAfterError]
    [-NoRewind]
    [-Restart]
    [-UnloadTapeAfter]
    [-NoRecovery]
    [-DatabaseFile <String[]>]
    [-DatabaseFileGroup <String[]>]
    [-BlockSize <Int32>]
    [-BufferCount <Int32>]
    [-MaxTransferSize <Int32>]
    [-MediaName <String>]
    [-Script]
    [-AccessToken <PSObject>]
    [-TrustServerCertificate]
    [-HostNameInCertificate <String>]
    [-Encrypt <String>]
    [-WhatIf]
    [-Confirm]
    [<CommonParameters>]

Restore-SqlDatabase
    [-Database] <String>
    [[-BackupFile] <String[]>]
    -ServerInstance <String[]>
    [-ClearSuspectPageTable]
    [-KeepReplication]
    [-Partial]
    [-ReplaceDatabase]
    [-RestrictedUser]
    [-Offset <Int64[]>]
    [-RelocateFile <RelocateFile[]>]
    [-AutoRelocateFile]
    [-FileNumber <Int32>]
    [-RestoreAction <RestoreActionType>]
    [-StandbyFile <String>]
    [-StopAtMarkAfterDate <String>]
    [-StopAtMarkName <String>]
    [-StopBeforeMarkAfterDate <String>]
    [-StopBeforeMarkName <String>]
    [-ToPointInTime <String>]
    [-Credential <PSCredential>]
    [-ConnectionTimeout <Int32>]
    [-SqlCredential <PSObject>]
    [-BackupDevice <BackupDeviceItem[]>]
    [-PassThru]
    [-Checksum]
    [-ContinueAfterError]
    [-NoRewind]
    [-Restart]
    [-UnloadTapeAfter]
    [-NoRecovery]
    [-DatabaseFile <String[]>]
    [-DatabaseFileGroup <String[]>]
    [-BlockSize <Int32>]
    [-BufferCount <Int32>]
    [-MaxTransferSize <Int32>]
    [-MediaName <String>]
    [-Script]
    [-AccessToken <PSObject>]
    [-TrustServerCertificate]
    [-HostNameInCertificate <String>]
    [-Encrypt <String>]
    [-WhatIf]
    [-Confirm]
    [<CommonParameters>]

Restore-SqlDatabase
    [-Database] <String>
    [[-BackupFile] <String[]>]
    -InputObject <Server[]>
    [-ClearSuspectPageTable]
    [-KeepReplication]
    [-Partial]
    [-ReplaceDatabase]
    [-RestrictedUser]
    [-Offset <Int64[]>]
    [-RelocateFile <RelocateFile[]>]
    [-AutoRelocateFile]
    [-FileNumber <Int32>]
    [-RestoreAction <RestoreActionType>]
    [-StandbyFile <String>]
    [-StopAtMarkAfterDate <String>]
    [-StopAtMarkName <String>]
    [-StopBeforeMarkAfterDate <String>]
    [-StopBeforeMarkName <String>]
    [-ToPointInTime <String>]
    [-SqlCredential <PSObject>]
    [-BackupDevice <BackupDeviceItem[]>]
    [-PassThru]
    [-Checksum]
    [-ContinueAfterError]
    [-NoRewind]
    [-Restart]
    [-UnloadTapeAfter]
    [-NoRecovery]
    [-DatabaseFile <String[]>]
    [-DatabaseFileGroup <String[]>]
    [-BlockSize <Int32>]
    [-BufferCount <Int32>]
    [-MaxTransferSize <Int32>]
    [-MediaName <String>]
    [-Script]
    [-AccessToken <PSObject>]
    [-TrustServerCertificate]
    [-HostNameInCertificate <String>]
    [-Encrypt <String>]
    [-WhatIf]
    [-Confirm]
    [<CommonParameters>]

Restore-SqlDatabase
    [-DatabaseObject] <Database>
    [[-BackupFile] <String[]>]
    [-ClearSuspectPageTable]
    [-KeepReplication]
    [-Partial]
    [-ReplaceDatabase]
    [-RestrictedUser]
    [-Offset <Int64[]>]
    [-RelocateFile <RelocateFile[]>]
    [-AutoRelocateFile]
    [-FileNumber <Int32>]
    [-RestoreAction <RestoreActionType>]
    [-StandbyFile <String>]
    [-StopAtMarkAfterDate <String>]
    [-StopAtMarkName <String>]
    [-StopBeforeMarkAfterDate <String>]
    [-StopBeforeMarkName <String>]
    [-ToPointInTime <String>]
    [-SqlCredential <PSObject>]
    [-BackupDevice <BackupDeviceItem[]>]
    [-PassThru]
    [-Checksum]
    [-ContinueAfterError]
    [-NoRewind]
    [-Restart]
    [-UnloadTapeAfter]
    [-NoRecovery]
    [-DatabaseFile <String[]>]
    [-DatabaseFileGroup <String[]>]
    [-BlockSize <Int32>]
    [-BufferCount <Int32>]
    [-MaxTransferSize <Int32>]
    [-MediaName <String>]
    [-Script]
    [-AccessToken <PSObject>]
    [-TrustServerCertificate]
    [-HostNameInCertificate <String>]
    [-Encrypt <String>]
    [-WhatIf]
    [-Confirm]
    [<CommonParameters>]

Restore-SqlDatabase cmdlet 对 SQL Server 数据库执行还原作。 这包括完整数据库还原、事务日志还原和数据库文件还原。

此 cmdlet 在 Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Restore 类之后建模。 此 cmdlet 上的参数通常对应于 Smo.Restore 对象的属性。

PS C:\> Restore-SqlDatabase -ServerInstance "Computer\Instance" -Database "MainDB" -BackupFile "\\mainserver\databasebackup\MainDB.bak"

此命令将文件的完整数据库MainDB还原到服务器实例\\mainserver\databasebackup\MainDB.bak。Computer\Instance

PS C:\> Restore-SqlDatabase -ServerInstance "Computer\Instance" -Database "MainDB" -BackupFile "\\mainserver\databasebackup\MainDB.trn" -RestoreAction Log

此命令将数据库的 MainDB 事务日志从文件 \\mainserver\databasebackup\MainDB.trn 还原到服务器实例 Computer\Instance。

PS C:\> Restore-SqlDatabase -ServerInstance "Computer\Instance" -Database "MainDB" -BackupFile "\\mainserver\databasebackup\MainDB.bak" -Credential (Get-Credential "sa")

此命令使用 MainDB SQL 登录名将文件的完整数据库\\mainserver\databasebackup\MainDB.bak从文件Computer\Instance还原到服务器实例sa。 此命令将提示输入密码以完成身份验证。

PS C:\> Restore-SqlDatabase -ServerInstance "Computer\Instance" -Database "MainDB" -BackupFile "\\mainserver\databasebackup\MainDB.trn" -RestoreAction Log -NoRecovery

此命令使用选项将数据库的MainDBNORECOVERY事务日志从文件\\mainserver\databasebackup\MainDB.trn还原到服务器实例Computer\Instance。

PS C:\> Restore-SqlDatabase -ServerInstance "Computer\Instance" -Database "MainDB" -BackupFile "\\mainserver\databasebackup\MainDB.trn" -RestoreAction Log -ToPointInTime "Sep 21, 2017 11:11 PM"

此命令将数据库 MainDB 事务日志还原到传递到 ToPointInTime 参数的日期，2017 年 9 月 21 日下午 11：11。

PS C:\> $RelocateData = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.RelocateFile("MainDB_Data", "c:\MySQLServer\MainDB.mdf")
PS C:\> $RelocateLog = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.RelocateFile("MainDB_Log", "c:\MySQLServer\MainDB.ldf")
PS C:\> Restore-SqlDatabase -ServerInstance "Computer\Instance" -Database "MainDB" -BackupFile "\\mainserver\databasebackup\MainDB.trn" -RelocateFile @($RelocateData,$RelocateLog)

此示例将完整数据库 MainDB 还原到服务器实例 Computer\Instance，并重新定位数据和日志文件。 对于移动的每个文件，该示例将构造 Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.RelocateFile 类的实例。 每个构造函数采用两个参数：文件的逻辑名称以及文件将放置在目标服务器上的物理位置。 RelocateFile 对象将传递给 Restore-SqlDatabase cmdlet 的 RelocateFile 参数。

PS C:\> $TapeDevice = New-Object Microsoft.Sqlserver.Management.Smo.BackupDeviceItem("\\.\tape0", "Tape")
PS C:\> Restore-SqlDatabase -ServerInstance "Computer\Instance" -Database "MainDB" -BackupDevice $TapeDevice

此示例将数据库 MainDB 从名为 \\.\tape0 服务器实例 Computer\Instance的磁带设备还原。 为了表示此设备，该示例构造 Microsoft.Sqlserver.Management.Smo.BackupDeviceItem 类的实例。 构造函数采用两个参数：备份设备的名称和备份设备的类型。 然后，此 BackupDeviceItem 对象将传递给 Restore-SqlDatabase cmdlet 的 BackupDevice 参数。

PS C:\> Restore-SqlDatabase -ServerInstance "Computer\Instance" -Database "MainDB" -BackupFile "https://mystorageaccountname.blob.core.windows.net/container/MyDB.bak" -SqlCredential "mySqlCredential"

此命令将 Windows Azure Blob 存储服务上的文件的完整数据库 MainDB 还原到服务器实例 Computer\Instance。

PS C:\> Get-SqlDatabase -ServerInstance MYSERVER\SQL2016 -Database AdventureWorks | Backup-SqlDatabase -BackupFile 'C:\BAK2\AdventureWorks.bak'
PS C:\> $restore = Restore-SqlDatabase -ServerInstance MYSERVER\SQL2017 -Database AdventureWorks2016 -BackupFile 'C:\BAK2\AdventureWorks.bak' -AutoRelocateFile -PassThru
PS C:\> $db.RelocateFiles

LogicalFileName     PhysicalFileName
---------------     ----------------
AdventureWorks_Data C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL14.SQL2017\MSSQL\DATA\AdventureWorks_Data.mdf
AdventureWorks_Log  C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL14.SQL2017\MSSQL\DATA\AdventureWorks_Log.ldf

# You can see that the original PhysicalFileNames were indeed differet by running the followiong query:
PS C:\> Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance MYSERVER\SQL2016 -Query "RESTORE FILELISTONLY FROM  DISK = N'C:\BAK2\AdventureWorks.bak' WITH NOUNLOAD" | Select -Property LogicalName,PhysicalName

LogicalName         PhysicalName
-----------         ------------
AdventureWorks_Data C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.SQL2016\MSSQL\DATA\AdventureWorks_Data.mdf
AdventureWorks_Log  C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.SQL2016\MSSQL\DATA\AdventureWorks_Log.ldf

第一个命令在计算机 MYSERVER 上运行的 SQL2016 实例上备份数据库 AdventureWorks。 备份保存在 C：\BAK2 下。

第二个 cmdlet 中使用相同的备份文件来还原在同一台计算机（MYSERVER）上运行的SQL2017实例上的数据库。 请注意，如果没有 -AutoRelocate 开关，cmdlet 将失败，因为物理文件存在差异，如上面的两个表所示（此外，文件很可能已被SQL2016使用，并且可能SQL2017无法访问）。 -AutoRelocate 允许用户避免显式使用 -RelocationFile，这是非常繁琐的生成参数。

注意：假设SQL2016实例和SQL2017实例都有权访问 C：\BAK2 文件夹。

此 cmdlet 支持通用参数：-Debug、-ErrorAction、-ErrorVariable、-InformationAction、-InformationVariable、-OutBuffer、-OutVariable、-PipelineVariable、-ProgressAction、-Verbose、-WarningAction 和 -WarningVariable。 有关详细信息，请参阅 about_CommonParameters。

指定 SMO。描述在其中执行还原作的 SQL Server 实例的服务器对象。