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You can use assertion statements to catch logic errors. You can set an assertion on a condition that must be true according to the logic of your program. The assertion has no effect unless a logic error occurs.
For example, suppose you are simulating gas molecules in a container, and the variable numMols represents the total number of molecules. This number cannot be less than zero, so you might include an MFC assertion statement like this:
ASSERT(numMols >= 0);
Or you might include a CRT assertion like this:
_ASSERT(numMols >= 0);
These statements do nothing if your program is operating correctly. If a logic error causes numMols to be less than zero, however, the assertion halts the execution of your program and displays the Assertion Failed Dialog Box.
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