Självstudie: Extrahera användardata med ett Angular SPA

Utför följande steg för att konfigurera angular-programmet så att det interagerar med Microsoft Graph-API:et:

1. Öppna filen src/app/profile/profile.component.ts och ersätt innehållet med följande kodfragment:

   // Required for Angular
   import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
   
   // Required for the HTTP GET request to Graph
   import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
   
   type ProfileType = {
     businessPhones?: string,
     displayName?: string,
     givenName?: string,
     jobTitle?: string,
     mail?: string,
     mobilePhone?: string,
     officeLocation?: string,
     preferredLanguage?: string,
     surname?: string,
     userPrincipalName?: string,
     id?: string
   }
   
   @Component({
     selector: 'app-profile',
     templateUrl: './profile.component.html'
   })
   export class ProfileComponent implements OnInit {
     profile!: ProfileType;
     tokenExpiration!: string;
   
     constructor(
       private http: HttpClient
     ) { }
   
     // When the page loads, perform an HTTP GET request from the Graph /me endpoint
     ngOnInit() {
       this.http.get('https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me')
         .subscribe(profile => {
           this.profile = profile;
         });
   
       this.tokenExpiration = localStorage.getItem('tokenExpiration')!;
     }
   }
   

   ProfileComponent i Angular hämtar användarprofildata från Microsoft Graphs /me slutpunkt. Den definierar ProfileType för att strukturera egenskaper som displayName och mail. I ngOnInitanvänder den HttpClient för att skicka en GET-begäran och tilldelar svaret till profile. Den hämtar och lagrar också förfallotiden för token från localStorage i tokenExpiration.

2. Öppna filen src/app/profile/profile.component.html och ersätt innehållet med följande kodfragment:

   <div class="profile">
       <p><strong>Business Phones:</strong> {{profile?.businessPhones}}</p>
       <p><strong>Display Name:</strong> {{profile?.displayName}}</p>
       <p><strong>Given Name:</strong> {{profile?.givenName}}</p>
       <p><strong>Job Title:</strong> {{profile?.jobTitle}}</p>
       <p><strong>Mail:</strong> {{profile?.mail}}</p>
       <p><strong>Mobile Phone:</strong> {{profile?.mobilePhone}}</p>
       <p><strong>Office Location:</strong> {{profile?.officeLocation}}</p>
       <p><strong>Preferred Language:</strong> {{profile?.preferredLanguage}}</p>
       <p><strong>Surname:</strong> {{profile?.surname}}</p>
       <p><strong>User Principal Name:</strong> {{profile?.userPrincipalName}}</p>
       <p><strong>Profile Id:</strong> {{profile?.id}}</p>
       <br><br>
       <p><strong>Token Expiration:</strong> {{tokenExpiration}}</p>
       <br><br>
       <p>Refreshing this page will continue to use the cached access token until it nears expiration, at which point a new access token will be requested.</p>
   </div>
   

   Den här koden definierar en HTML-mall som visar användarprofilinformation med hjälp av Angulars interpolationssyntax för att binda egenskaper från profile-objektet (till exempel businessPhones, displayName, jobTitle). Det visar också värdet för tokenExpiration och innehåller en anteckning om att uppdatering av sidan använder den cachelagrade åtkomsttoken tills den närmar sig förfallodatum, varefter en ny token begärs.

Du konfigurerar din Angular-app så att den visar anspråken i din ID-token när du loggar in.

1. Skapa en fil med namnet claim-utils.ts i mappen src/app/ och klistra in följande kodfragment i den.

   /**
    * Populate claims table with appropriate description
    * @param {Record} claims ID token claims
    * @returns claimsTable
    */
   export const createClaimsTable = (claims: Record<string, string>): any[] => {
     const claimsTable: any[] = [];
   
     Object.keys(claims).map((key) => {
       switch (key) {
         case 'aud':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             "Identifies the intended recipient of the token. In ID tokens, the audience is your app's Application ID, assigned to your app in the Azure portal.",
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'iss':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Identifies the issuer, or authorization server that constructs and returns the token. It also identifies the Azure AD tenant for which the user was authenticated. If the token was issued by the v2.0 endpoint, the URI will end in /v2.0.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'iat':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             changeDateFormat(+claims[key]),
             '"Issued At" indicates the timestamp (UNIX timestamp) when the authentication for this user occurred.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'nbf':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             changeDateFormat(+claims[key]),
             'The nbf (not before) claim dictates the time (as UNIX timestamp) before which the JWT must not be accepted for processing.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'exp':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             changeDateFormat(+claims[key]),
             "The exp (expiration time) claim dictates the expiration time (as UNIX timestamp) on or after which the JWT must not be accepted for processing. It's important to note that in certain circumstances, a resource may reject the token before this time. For example, if a change in authentication is required or a token revocation has been detected.",
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'name':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             "The name claim provides a human-readable value that identifies the subject of the token. The value isn't guaranteed to be unique, it can be changed, and it's designed to be used only for display purposes. The 'profile' scope is required to receive this claim.",
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'preferred_username':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The primary username that represents the user. It could be an email address, phone number, or a generic username without a specified format. Its value is mutable and might change over time. Since it is mutable, this value must not be used to make authorization decisions. It can be used for username hints, however, and in human-readable UI as a username. The profile scope is required in order to receive this claim.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'nonce':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The nonce matches the parameter included in the original /authorize request to the IDP.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'oid':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The oid (user object id) is the only claim that should be used to uniquely identify a user in an Azure AD tenant.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'tid':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The id of the tenant where this application resides. You can use this claim to ensure that only users from the current Azure AD tenant can access this app.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'upn':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'upn (user principal name) might be unique amongst the active set of users in a tenant but tend to get reassigned to new employees as employees leave the organization and others take their place or might change to reflect a personal change like marriage.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'email':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Email might be unique amongst the active set of users in a tenant but tend to get reassigned to new employees as employees leave the organization and others take their place.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'acct':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Available as an optional claim, it lets you know what the type of user (homed, guest) is. For example, for an individuals access to their data you might not care for this claim, but you would use this along with tenant id (tid) to control access to say a company-wide dashboard to just employees (homed users) and not contractors (guest users).',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'sid':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Session ID, used for per-session user sign-out.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'sub':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The sub claim is a pairwise identifier - it is unique to a particular application ID. If a single user signs into two different apps using two different client IDs, those apps will receive two different values for the subject claim.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'ver':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Version of the token issued by the Microsoft identity platform',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'login_hint':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'An opaque, reliable login hint claim. This claim is the best value to use for the login_hint OAuth parameter in all flows to get SSO.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'idtyp':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Value is app when the token is an app-only token. This is the most accurate way for an API to determine if a token is an app token or an app+user token',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'uti':
         case 'rh':
           break;
         default:
           populateClaim(key, claims[key], '', claimsTable);
       }
     });
   
     return claimsTable;
   };
   
   /**
    * Populates claim, description, and value into an claimsObject
    * @param {String} claim
    * @param {String} value
    * @param {String} description
    * @param {Array} claimsObject
    */
   const populateClaim = (
     claim: string,
     value: string,
     description: string,
     claimsTable: any[]
   ): void => {
     claimsTable.push({
       claim: claim,
       value: value,
       description: description,
     });
   };
   
   /**
    * Transforms Unix timestamp to date and returns a string value of that date
    * @param {number} date Unix timestamp
    * @returns
    */
   const changeDateFormat = (date: number) => {
     let dateObj = new Date(date * 1000);
     return `${date} - [${dateObj.toString()}]`;
   };
   

2. Öppna src/index.html och ersätt koden med följande kodfragment.

   <!doctype html>
   <html lang="en">
   <head>
     <meta charset="utf-8">
     <title>Microsoft identity platform</title>
     <base href="/">
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
     <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="favicon.svg">
     <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com">
     <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:wght@300;400;500&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
     <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/icon?family=Material+Icons" rel="stylesheet">
   </head>
   <body class="mat-typography">
     <app-root></app-root>
     <app-redirect></app-redirect>
   </body>
   </html>
   

3. Öppna src/app/guarded/guarded.component.ts och ersätt den befintliga koden med följande kodfragment.

   import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
   
   @Component({
     selector: 'app-guarded',
     templateUrl: './guarded.component.html',
     styleUrls: ['./guarded.component.css']
   })
   export class GuardedComponent implements OnInit {
   
     constructor() { }
   
     ngOnInit(): void {
     }
   
   }
   

Utför följande steg för att testa programmet:

1. Kör Angular-programmet genom att köra följande kommando i terminalen:

   ng serve --open
   

2. Välj knappen Logga in för att autentisera med din Microsoft Entra-klientorganisation.

3. När du har loggat in väljer du länken Visa profil för att navigera till sidan profil. Kontrollera att användarprofilinformationen visas, inklusive användarens namn, e-post, befattning och annan information.

   

4. Välj knappen Logga ut för att logga ut från programmet.

1. Starta webbservern genom att köra följande kommandon i en kommandorad från programmappen.

   npm install
   npm start
   

2. I webbläsaren anger du http://localhost:4200 för att öppna programmet.

   

3. Välj knappen Inloggning i det övre högra hörnet på skärmen.

4. När du har loggat in visas din profilinformation på sidan.

   

5. Välj knappen Logga ut uppe i högra hörnet av skärmen för att logga ut.