Hello Prateek !
Thank you for posting on Microsoft Learn Q&A.
As far as I know you can use a GUI from inside that VM to browse Cosmos DB over your private endpoint, but Azure Storage Explorer isn’t the right tool anymore since its Cosmos DB integration has been deprecated.
You can use the following
- Azure Cosmos DB Data Explorer for full CRUD and the web Data Explorer needs you to enable the allow access from Azure portal networking exception and if you’ve fully disabled public access, the portal can’t reach your account until that checkbox is enabled. https://free.blessedness.top/en-us/azure/cosmos-db/data-explorer
- VS Code Azure Cosmos DB extension
- API-specific clients from the VM like Mongo API, Cassandra API and Gremlin/SQL SDKs