Hello,
In Outlook on the web there is currently no setting that lets you set or remember a default zoom for the built-in PDF previewer. Microsoft's web viewer always resets its zoom and there is no user or admin toggle to persist 100% or Fit to page.
The workaround is to bypass the OWA previewer so the file opens in your browser's native PDF handler, where zoom can be controlled persistently. In practice that means opening the attachment without using the inline preview.
In OWA, open the message, select the attachment's overflow menu, choose Download, then open the file so it loads in the browser's PDF viewer tab. In Microsoft Edge you can set a default page zoom that will stick across tabs by going to Settings > Appearance > Page zoom and selecting the level you want. This does apply to all sites, but it avoids having to hit 100% on every PDF preview.
If you want, I can tailor a quick click path for your colleague's browser and OWA layout, but the essence is the same. The web previewer itself cannot be told to default to 100% today.