Azure VM RDP connectivity broken

I have a VM in Azure that I was usually able to connect to via RDP. After attempting to remediate the retirement of the basic public IP address resource in Azure at the end of September, I cannot RDP into my VM anymore.

I had created a public standard IP and connected it to the existing network interface as a secondary IP address. I ended up removing the secondary IP address assignment so now it has the one IP address that it previously had. (The basic/standard public IP address migration was resolved and not the purpose of this question.)

But ever since adding and removing that secondary IP address to the network interface, I've not been able to remote into my VM. Azure troubleshooting suggests resetting the NIC on the VM. But this is a production environment.

1. I can't just reset connectivity at will.
2. I fear that if the NIC is reset, connectivity to the outside world could be lost after reset, meaning my users won't be able to access the website on the VM. Users are able to access the website right now, it's just that RDP access is failing

I had attempted to troubleshoot the connectivity with the Connect section of my VM. I even downloaded the RDP file that the tool offers. Nothing seems to work. What I've noticed is that I try to connect a random, blatantly wrong IP address, RDP will spin and spin for a bit and then give up, telling it was unable to connect. But when I attempt to connect to my VM, the connection attempt fails immediately with the same error message:

When I run Test-NetConnection on port 3389 to my VM's IP address, the connection comes out fine, TcpTestSucceeded: True

Unfortunately, I cannot verify whether there was any configuration changes made at the OS level in the VM to determine if there were any changes that would need to be re-implemented after NIC reset.

Is there a way I can restore RDP connectivity without resetting the OS NIC? Right now, the public IP address allocation on the Azure NIC is static while the private address allocation is dynamic. I'm open to restarting the OS NIC and/or the OS itself on the VM via Azure commands, but I need to be able to ensure that connectivity won't be permanently broken because some random setting was lost in the reset/restart.