Hi Michael,
Thank you for posting your question in the Microsoft Q&A Forum. I understand that you are experiencing issues when trying to add your Outlook account.
Several other users have reported similar incidents. You can check out this article, which explains the causes and provides workaround options: Apple Mail breaks Outlook sign-ins, but only if you're unlucky. Additionally, you may find this discussion on Reddit helpful: Outlook.com adding to Mac.
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Best regards.